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  • Hub You - Forex Secrets - The True And False Breakouts Of The Resistance And Support Levels on Forex (Part I)

    Office Chairs, Although They May Look the Same, the Differences are Important
    As a seller of office chairs, I am frequently asked by my customers about computer chair designs and what posture is the best for sitting. Some of these workers have been given a very high-end ergonomic custom-made chair at their office and are wondering if there is really any difference between it and your standard task chair. Some people complain about the curvature of some guest side or reception lounge chairs at some office environments, finding themselves uncomfortable in minutes.It is definitely true that some chairs can feel a lot more comfortable than others. Some chairs make it a snap to maintain a healthier upright posture, while others can stand between you and good ergonomics. We need to remember however, that it is our body that sits in a chair, and in order to improve on our own comfort ability, our attention should be focused on improving our own functioning and what we do with our body when we sit down.So what advice can I give regarding posture and the standard task office chair? First, I would recommend very simple, basic type designs with fairly flat and firm seatpans and with backs to not force your torso into any particular shape. I would also recommend good back support and a good tilt mechanism for proper reclining and motion while moving throughout the tasks of your day. But, you need to remember that you cannot look to your chair as the primary solution to poor posture. It’s your posture that needs to learn how to change itself.
    f support/resistance, the trading volumes are increasing. At the last stage in currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, such volumes are diminishing. That is, at the beginning of this reversal figure development, the volume is increasing due to the trend previous price movement. When the figure development is coming to the end, the volume is increasing due to the price movement in the direction, opposite to the previous trend. It is the sign that nobody is interested in prolonging the old trend. In a chart, it can be depicted as follows:

    Chart 2.4. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    L. Borcelino in his “Manual of de-trading” presents another characteristic of the double peak/minimum. The second peak/minimum is formed with a trading volume smaller than the first one. In fact, the second peak/minimum cannot be as high/deep as the first one. Nevertheless, it is the repeated attempt at moving towards the same direction. And what is more, such double peaks/minimums can develop their 3rd , 4th, etc. waves (versions). Such double/triple peaks/minimums can be formed within a short period - as well as during a much longer time interval – from several minutes and up to ten years.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by the trading day closing above the technical level breakout. This position must be hold up not less than during 2 days.

    J. Murphy in his “Technical analysis of future markets” also investigated the problem of criteria of the true breakout through the trend line. It is not a simple problem. In detecting such criteria, subjectivity of a kind is unavoidable. As a rule, the trend line breakout via the price of closing of bargain (deal) is more important than just a breakout within a day.

    * There are price filters. They condition (prescribe) that the trend line must be broken through by a certain v

    Credit Repair Myths Exposed
    If you’ve done any searching on the Internet for information pertaining to “Credit Repair,” you’ve no doubt found that there’s a great deal available. Unfortunately, there’s also a lot of misinformation as well.Let’s take a look at some of the most common misstatements you’ll come across and examine them in detail.MYTH #1 “Credit repair doesn’t work!”While it’s true that credit repair is more “art” than “science” that’s not to say it doesn’t work. If you undertake to repair your bad credit score, there’s never any guarantee you can restore it to “perfect” status. But sometimes you can, and in almost every case you can at least affect some improvement in your credit score, and often major improvement at that!First of all, credit reports for the most part are filled with errors. While there seems to be no general agreement, it’s estimated that anywhere from 1/3 (Attorney General of NY) to as many as 90% (Charles Givens Organization) of credit reports contain errors.Removal of erroneous negative information alone will go a great way toward improving your credit score. But there’s more to the story, which brings us to myth #2.MYTH #2 “Negative information that can be verified cannot be removed”This is one of those statements that are “almost” true, but taken literally is misleading. As is often the case, the inclusion (or exclusion) of one seemingly small word makes the difference in a truthful statement, and one that’s not (or not necessarily) accurate.Let’s take an analogy. Suppose it’s the middle of summer, and your grass has grown unusually high. Let’s also suppose that you own a lawn mower, it’s in good working condition, and has plenty of gasoline in the tank.Now let’s say that you’re sitting on your couch and say to yourself “My grass will get cut today because I ‘CAN’ go outdoors anytime and cut it.”So will your grass get cut? Not necessarily! Just because you “can” go outdoors and cut your grass doesn’t mean it’s going to get done. You can repeat this statement to yourself all day long, but your grass isn’t going to get cut until you actually go outside and DO it!Likewise, because a negative item on your credit report “can” be verified doesn’t mean
    In its essence, this part is dedicated to the following.

    1. To scrutinize the “classicists” of Forex approach to the problem of determining the difference between true and false technical level breakouts.

    2. To expose drawbacks, inherent in each of the “classical systems”, which cause traders’ losses at Forex.

    3. By giving analysis to these problems, to elaborate methods of their solution.

    One can describe the today’s state of the technical level analysis at Forex as the following.

    1. A unified method of detecting technical levels at Forex is not elaborated yet (see the Part “Levels of support and resistance” in Masterforex-V Trading System.

    2. A technique that could permit us to estimate whether the breakout is true or false still is not developed as well.

    One can mark out the two types of the currency pair movement at Forex :

    a). There can happen the true (real) breakout through the technical level, after which a currency pair is moving towards the next level.

    b). On the other hand, a recoil from the technical level, a false breakout included, is possible.

    For the trader’s work, the following aspects are important.

    1. There exists a flat – i.e., a lateral trend between the first levels of the resistance and support. When a currency gets into this price corridor, its further movement direction is uncertain.

    2. By definition, the trend is the directed movement of currency pairs as the result of the true (real) breakout of the flat technical level.

    a). If the currency pair movement is directed upwards, it is the breakout through the 1st level of resistance ( the breakout upwards).

    b). If the currency pair movement is directed downwards, it is the breakout through the level of support (the breakout downwards).

    It is clearly depicted in the charts given below.

    Chart 2.1. The false breakout through the level of resistance and return to the flat zone. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    Chart 2.2. The true breakout of the level of support and the beginning of the “bear” trend. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    There are the rules that a trader must observe.

    1. Under the conditions of the flat: a) Either to be out of the market (especially if the trend range is narrower than the average statistical stock reserve (cruising range) for a given currency pair per the trading session). b). Otherwise, one can work with the recoil – i.e., to make deals on “buy” from level of support and on “sell” from level of resistance under the condition of the flat broad ranges, approximately equal to the average statistical stock reserve (cruising range) for a given currency pair per the trading session.

    2. Within the trend, I would recommend to work only towards its direction (“a trend is my friend”).

    3. The true breakout through the technical level indicates the beginning of a trend. A). That is, if it is the breakout through the level of resistance, the “bull” trend is beginning. B). Otherwise, if it is the breakout through the level of support, the “bear” trend is developing.

    4. The trend development (course) is the directed movement from one level of resistance/support to another. It is depicted in Chart 2.2. After breaking through the 1st level of support, the currency is rushing from one level to another – till the recoil. It means the non-breaking through any of the next levels or the false breakout through one of them. In Chart .2.2, the false breakout through the 3rd level of support (the flat) is depicted as well. It indicates that the given trend movement is temporally arrested or it has come to the end.

    5. The trend wave attenuation (the end of it) is the trend directed movement turning into the lateral movement (flat). The flat is characterized by non-breaking through a level of resistance/support or the false breakout (the recoil). In Chart.2.2, one can see the false breakout through the level of support #3.

    6. The market is under the conditions of the non-stop movement. Therefore, in a trading session, the trend end in the form of a flat makes the starting point of the trend further development. It is depicted in Chart 2.2 – between the levels of support ##2 and 3. As it is shown in Chart 2.3, the support #2 turns into the resistance #1.A local minimum turns into the support #1. Hence, the next trading session can be still carried out under the conditions of a flat, the levels of support/resistance being strictly determined. Otherwise, the ex-support #2, after breaking through the resistance #1, can open the “bull” trend. Respectively, if the support will be broken through, the “bear” trend will start.

    Chart 2.3. The levels of resistance and support. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    Thus, all rules that can guarantee the profitable practice at Forex can be briefly formulated as the following.

    · One must understand (“feel”) the difference between the levels of support and resistance (see the previous part).

    · One must know the rules of the true breakout through the levels and recoil from them, the false breakout included.

    · One must watch the correlation between the flat and the trend in various timeframes (TF).

    Comments. As one can see, the above-given rules that concern the flat-trend correlation are rather simple. Hence, there arises the following question. Why do more than 95% of traders, who know these rules, lose at Forex?

    The answer is evident. That is, one must perfectly distinct the true breakout through the technical level from a false one.

    · When the technical level breakout is true, one must open a deal in the direction of the trend commenced.

    · When the technical level breakout is false, one must open a deal towards the opposite direction.

    It is so simple (evident), isn’t it? It is just necessary to clearly distinct (tell) the true breakout signs from the false ones.

    We now examine how the difference between the true and false breakouts through the technical levels is explained by the “classicists” of Forex.

    Generally speaking, the “classicists” state the following. The true breakout, in contrast to the false one, occurs when the trading volume is increasing. In the case of the false breakout, the trading volume does not increase.

    In “Exchange trade basis”, Alexander Elder states the following. While opening a deal on “buy”, the best situation is when the breakout upwards in the day chart would be confirmed by the technical indices that could indicate the formation of a new upwards-trend beginning in the weekly chart. Larger trading volumes are inherent in the true breakouts. On the opposite, as a rule, false breakouts are characterized by small trading volumes. In addition, when the breakout is true, the technical indices reach new maximum/minimum values towards the direction of the trend development. The false breakout is often characterized by the divergence between prices and indices.

    A certain price corridor is more inherent in the market than a trend. The majority of breakouts through the price corridor bounds are false. Such breakouts can involve into the game a gambler who follows the trend– earlier than the prices return to the standard. The false breakout is the amateur’s plague. At the same time, professionals adore such false breakouts.

    Neiman’s viewpoint is the following. In their majority, false signals can be checked (detected) with the help of the volume indices. In the first (primal) currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, the trading volumes are increasing. At the last stage in currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, such volumes are diminishing. That is, at the beginning of this reversal figure development, the volume is increasing due to the trend previous price movement. When the figure development is coming to the end, the volume is increasing due to the price movement in the direction, opposite to the previous trend. It is the sign that nobody is interested in prolonging the old trend. In a chart, it can be depicted as follows:

    Chart 2.4. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    L. Borcelino in his “Manual of de-trading” presents another characteristic of the double peak/minimum. The second peak/minimum is formed with a trading volume smaller than the first one. In fact, the second peak/minimum cannot be as high/deep as the first one. Nevertheless, it is the repeated attempt at moving towards the same direction. And what is more, such double peaks/minimums can develop their 3rd , 4th, etc. waves (versions). Such double/triple peaks/minimums can be formed within a short period - as well as during a much longer time interval – from several minutes and up to ten years.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by the trading day closing above the technical level breakout. This position must be hold up not less than during 2 days.

    J. Murphy in his “Technical analysis of future markets” also investigated the problem of criteria of the true breakout through the trend line. It is not a simple problem. In detecting such criteria, subjectivity of a kind is unavoidable. As a rule, the trend line breakout via the price of closing of bargain (deal) is more important than just a breakout within a day.

    * There are price filters. They condition (prescribe) that the trend line must be broken through by a certain va

    Make Your Referrals Count
    Just because we receive a referral, it doesn’t mean that the sale is ours and the deal is closed even before we make contact.For all you know, the person being referred to you may have also been referred to someone else, so don’t take your referrals for granted.Treat your referral as though it is someone that you have never heard of before, make believe you were cold calling and came across this name on your list, and when you called them, they showed interest in your product.Now, you would never treat your very own hard earned customer with anything but the best customer service, would you?Of course you wouldn’t, you found this customer on your own through hard work and you want to keep them.Think of your referral in the same light.Far to many times I have seen referrals that have been given to people that just let them sit around for days. The assumption is, I believe, that because this customer was referred to them, that it is a done deal and they can take their time with it. This is not the case.The minute you get a referral, you should be calling that customer, the simple fact that you believe a referral to be a done deal, should be all the reason in the world to call them immediately.The customers point of view . . .If a customer is looking for a particular product or service, and they put the word out on the street, they will be expecting a phone call very soon.Lets suppose you were looking to have your bathroom updated, and a friend of yours referred you to a guy who installs kitchens and bathrooms, and you never heard from the guy, and if you did it was many days after the guy received your referral. You probably wouldn’t be too thrilled about doing business with him now, would you? I doubt it.So the next time you get a referral, make it count, call that customer immediately, they are sitting by the phone, waiting on your call.When it comes to referrals, don’t hesitate for a second, because if you do, your referral could end up in the hands of your competition. Best of LuckThis article may be reproduced by anyone at any time, as long as the authors name and reference links are kept in tact and active.
    through the level of resistance and return to the flat zone. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    Chart 2.2. The true breakout of the level of support and the beginning of the “bear” trend. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    There are the rules that a trader must observe.

    1. Under the conditions of the flat: a) Either to be out of the market (especially if the trend range is narrower than the average statistical stock reserve (cruising range) for a given currency pair per the trading session). b). Otherwise, one can work with the recoil – i.e., to make deals on “buy” from level of support and on “sell” from level of resistance under the condition of the flat broad ranges, approximately equal to the average statistical stock reserve (cruising range) for a given currency pair per the trading session.

    2. Within the trend, I would recommend to work only towards its direction (“a trend is my friend”).

    3. The true breakout through the technical level indicates the beginning of a trend. A). That is, if it is the breakout through the level of resistance, the “bull” trend is beginning. B). Otherwise, if it is the breakout through the level of support, the “bear” trend is developing.

    4. The trend development (course) is the directed movement from one level of resistance/support to another. It is depicted in Chart 2.2. After breaking through the 1st level of support, the currency is rushing from one level to another – till the recoil. It means the non-breaking through any of the next levels or the false breakout through one of them. In Chart .2.2, the false breakout through the 3rd level of support (the flat) is depicted as well. It indicates that the given trend movement is temporally arrested or it has come to the end.

    5. The trend wave attenuation (the end of it) is the trend directed movement turning into the lateral movement (flat). The flat is characterized by non-breaking through a level of resistance/support or the false breakout (the recoil). In Chart.2.2, one can see the false breakout through the level of support #3.

    6. The market is under the conditions of the non-stop movement. Therefore, in a trading session, the trend end in the form of a flat makes the starting point of the trend further development. It is depicted in Chart 2.2 – between the levels of support ##2 and 3. As it is shown in Chart 2.3, the support #2 turns into the resistance #1.A local minimum turns into the support #1. Hence, the next trading session can be still carried out under the conditions of a flat, the levels of support/resistance being strictly determined. Otherwise, the ex-support #2, after breaking through the resistance #1, can open the “bull” trend. Respectively, if the support will be broken through, the “bear” trend will start.

    Chart 2.3. The levels of resistance and support. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    Thus, all rules that can guarantee the profitable practice at Forex can be briefly formulated as the following.

    · One must understand (“feel”) the difference between the levels of support and resistance (see the previous part).

    · One must know the rules of the true breakout through the levels and recoil from them, the false breakout included.

    · One must watch the correlation between the flat and the trend in various timeframes (TF).

    Comments. As one can see, the above-given rules that concern the flat-trend correlation are rather simple. Hence, there arises the following question. Why do more than 95% of traders, who know these rules, lose at Forex?

    The answer is evident. That is, one must perfectly distinct the true breakout through the technical level from a false one.

    · When the technical level breakout is true, one must open a deal in the direction of the trend commenced.

    · When the technical level breakout is false, one must open a deal towards the opposite direction.

    It is so simple (evident), isn’t it? It is just necessary to clearly distinct (tell) the true breakout signs from the false ones.

    We now examine how the difference between the true and false breakouts through the technical levels is explained by the “classicists” of Forex.

    Generally speaking, the “classicists” state the following. The true breakout, in contrast to the false one, occurs when the trading volume is increasing. In the case of the false breakout, the trading volume does not increase.

    In “Exchange trade basis”, Alexander Elder states the following. While opening a deal on “buy”, the best situation is when the breakout upwards in the day chart would be confirmed by the technical indices that could indicate the formation of a new upwards-trend beginning in the weekly chart. Larger trading volumes are inherent in the true breakouts. On the opposite, as a rule, false breakouts are characterized by small trading volumes. In addition, when the breakout is true, the technical indices reach new maximum/minimum values towards the direction of the trend development. The false breakout is often characterized by the divergence between prices and indices.

    A certain price corridor is more inherent in the market than a trend. The majority of breakouts through the price corridor bounds are false. Such breakouts can involve into the game a gambler who follows the trend– earlier than the prices return to the standard. The false breakout is the amateur’s plague. At the same time, professionals adore such false breakouts.

    Neiman’s viewpoint is the following. In their majority, false signals can be checked (detected) with the help of the volume indices. In the first (primal) currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, the trading volumes are increasing. At the last stage in currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, such volumes are diminishing. That is, at the beginning of this reversal figure development, the volume is increasing due to the trend previous price movement. When the figure development is coming to the end, the volume is increasing due to the price movement in the direction, opposite to the previous trend. It is the sign that nobody is interested in prolonging the old trend. In a chart, it can be depicted as follows:

    Chart 2.4. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    L. Borcelino in his “Manual of de-trading” presents another characteristic of the double peak/minimum. The second peak/minimum is formed with a trading volume smaller than the first one. In fact, the second peak/minimum cannot be as high/deep as the first one. Nevertheless, it is the repeated attempt at moving towards the same direction. And what is more, such double peaks/minimums can develop their 3rd , 4th, etc. waves (versions). Such double/triple peaks/minimums can be formed within a short period - as well as during a much longer time interval – from several minutes and up to ten years.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by the trading day closing above the technical level breakout. This position must be hold up not less than during 2 days.

    J. Murphy in his “Technical analysis of future markets” also investigated the problem of criteria of the true breakout through the trend line. It is not a simple problem. In detecting such criteria, subjectivity of a kind is unavoidable. As a rule, the trend line breakout via the price of closing of bargain (deal) is more important than just a breakout within a day.

    * There are price filters. They condition (prescribe) that the trend line must be broken through by a certain v

    Speak to Influence Mini-course; Part 2 of 5
    This part of the program addresses:1. Your voice: a musical instrument 2. Banishing non-words. 3. Avoiding embarrassing pronunciation mistakes.1. YOUR VOICE: A MUSICAL INSTRUMENTWhen considering the elements that are associated with a musical instrument, we may list the following:PitchWhen it comes to your voice, pitch is very important, because if you do not speak at your natural pitch you can strain your voice. Try this when you are alone. Think of a phrase of a song that you know well. Alternate between humming and speaking this phrase. There will be a pitch at which you feel very comfortable. As you hum there will be a certain vibration around your nose and mouth that feels just right and you will experience no strain. This is your natural pitch.InflectionInflection is the difference between highest and lowest pitch. If you end your statements with an inflection as if you might be asking a question, you will sound uncertain, which lowers your creditability and authority. You need to pay special attention to your inflection habits and break them if they are working against you.This exercise will help you to control the inflection of your voice properly. First, hum to set yourself at your natural pitch. Next, think of an easy sentence and state it at your natural pitch. Then state it at higher and higher pitches until you are at your maximum comfort level. Then repeat the exercise but go to your lowest extreme. By going through this exercise you will become more familiar with the natural range of your own voice. You will then be able to note more quickly the way you move your voice through this range. With more observation and practice you will be able to make adjustments to improve your use of pitch.ToneTone is related to the amount of emotion you let into your voice. If you are down, do you let it show in your voice? If you do, your audience will certainly know it. You want to sound upbeat and enthusiastic in most professional speaking situations.When speaking to someone in person, smile, keep thinking positive thoughts, and use positive body language. To help your telephone communication, keep positive images and items near where you work and
    movement (flat). The flat is characterized by non-breaking through a level of resistance/support or the false breakout (the recoil). In Chart.2.2, one can see the false breakout through the level of support #3.

    6. The market is under the conditions of the non-stop movement. Therefore, in a trading session, the trend end in the form of a flat makes the starting point of the trend further development. It is depicted in Chart 2.2 – between the levels of support ##2 and 3. As it is shown in Chart 2.3, the support #2 turns into the resistance #1.A local minimum turns into the support #1. Hence, the next trading session can be still carried out under the conditions of a flat, the levels of support/resistance being strictly determined. Otherwise, the ex-support #2, after breaking through the resistance #1, can open the “bull” trend. Respectively, if the support will be broken through, the “bear” trend will start.

    Chart 2.3. The levels of resistance and support. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    Thus, all rules that can guarantee the profitable practice at Forex can be briefly formulated as the following.

    · One must understand (“feel”) the difference between the levels of support and resistance (see the previous part).

    · One must know the rules of the true breakout through the levels and recoil from them, the false breakout included.

    · One must watch the correlation between the flat and the trend in various timeframes (TF).

    Comments. As one can see, the above-given rules that concern the flat-trend correlation are rather simple. Hence, there arises the following question. Why do more than 95% of traders, who know these rules, lose at Forex?

    The answer is evident. That is, one must perfectly distinct the true breakout through the technical level from a false one.

    · When the technical level breakout is true, one must open a deal in the direction of the trend commenced.

    · When the technical level breakout is false, one must open a deal towards the opposite direction.

    It is so simple (evident), isn’t it? It is just necessary to clearly distinct (tell) the true breakout signs from the false ones.

    We now examine how the difference between the true and false breakouts through the technical levels is explained by the “classicists” of Forex.

    Generally speaking, the “classicists” state the following. The true breakout, in contrast to the false one, occurs when the trading volume is increasing. In the case of the false breakout, the trading volume does not increase.

    In “Exchange trade basis”, Alexander Elder states the following. While opening a deal on “buy”, the best situation is when the breakout upwards in the day chart would be confirmed by the technical indices that could indicate the formation of a new upwards-trend beginning in the weekly chart. Larger trading volumes are inherent in the true breakouts. On the opposite, as a rule, false breakouts are characterized by small trading volumes. In addition, when the breakout is true, the technical indices reach new maximum/minimum values towards the direction of the trend development. The false breakout is often characterized by the divergence between prices and indices.

    A certain price corridor is more inherent in the market than a trend. The majority of breakouts through the price corridor bounds are false. Such breakouts can involve into the game a gambler who follows the trend– earlier than the prices return to the standard. The false breakout is the amateur’s plague. At the same time, professionals adore such false breakouts.

    Neiman’s viewpoint is the following. In their majority, false signals can be checked (detected) with the help of the volume indices. In the first (primal) currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, the trading volumes are increasing. At the last stage in currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, such volumes are diminishing. That is, at the beginning of this reversal figure development, the volume is increasing due to the trend previous price movement. When the figure development is coming to the end, the volume is increasing due to the price movement in the direction, opposite to the previous trend. It is the sign that nobody is interested in prolonging the old trend. In a chart, it can be depicted as follows:

    Chart 2.4. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    L. Borcelino in his “Manual of de-trading” presents another characteristic of the double peak/minimum. The second peak/minimum is formed with a trading volume smaller than the first one. In fact, the second peak/minimum cannot be as high/deep as the first one. Nevertheless, it is the repeated attempt at moving towards the same direction. And what is more, such double peaks/minimums can develop their 3rd , 4th, etc. waves (versions). Such double/triple peaks/minimums can be formed within a short period - as well as during a much longer time interval – from several minutes and up to ten years.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by the trading day closing above the technical level breakout. This position must be hold up not less than during 2 days.

    J. Murphy in his “Technical analysis of future markets” also investigated the problem of criteria of the true breakout through the trend line. It is not a simple problem. In detecting such criteria, subjectivity of a kind is unavoidable. As a rule, the trend line breakout via the price of closing of bargain (deal) is more important than just a breakout within a day.

    * There are price filters. They condition (prescribe) that the trend line must be broken through by a certain v

    Health & Safety on Team Building Events
    The UK has some of the most stringent Health & Safety standards in the World. Most blue chip companies go even further than the prescribed standards to ensure the wellbeing of their employees. Yet the majority of companies employ team building providers without checking on their own policies and procedures. In effect they are handing over the wellbeing of their employees to companies who do not have the same standards as they do and in some cases companies who have no standards at all.This is not to say that these companies are purposefully dangerous but some team building providers are small or one man bands and lack the resources to have set up and run an acceptable Health & Safety policy on an ongoing basis. In my experience less than 10% of companies so much as enquire about Health & Safety and the vast majority do not even check whether event providers carry adequate insurance. This is a shocking fact and I believe that it is caused by that dangerous adversary of risk management; assumption.It is very difficult to assess the size and standard of operation of a company from their website. Companies may look like an International operator with hundreds of employees when in fact they are a one man band trading from a spare bedroom. It is essential that those booking events ask for reassurance in the form of copies of insurance cover documents, a written Health & Safety policy and Risk Assessments of each of the activities being undertaken. This is a simple process; documents need to be seen and dates need to be checked to ensure that they are current.Every activity provided by an event company should have a unique Risk Assessment. In some cases there is clearly no risk at all, but still the procedure should be undertaken. In such cases the Risk Assessment will read ‘this activity has been assessed and classified as low risk’ with the name of whoever undertook the Risk Assessment. Companies should have a designated Health & Safety Officer who has undergone training and is sufficiently experienced to know how to recognize potential risks.The key document to consider in this process is the Risk Assessment. This supports the investigation of the activity by the provider. A Risk Assessment ensures that poten
    a deal in the direction of the trend commenced.

    · When the technical level breakout is false, one must open a deal towards the opposite direction.

    It is so simple (evident), isn’t it? It is just necessary to clearly distinct (tell) the true breakout signs from the false ones.

    We now examine how the difference between the true and false breakouts through the technical levels is explained by the “classicists” of Forex.

    Generally speaking, the “classicists” state the following. The true breakout, in contrast to the false one, occurs when the trading volume is increasing. In the case of the false breakout, the trading volume does not increase.

    In “Exchange trade basis”, Alexander Elder states the following. While opening a deal on “buy”, the best situation is when the breakout upwards in the day chart would be confirmed by the technical indices that could indicate the formation of a new upwards-trend beginning in the weekly chart. Larger trading volumes are inherent in the true breakouts. On the opposite, as a rule, false breakouts are characterized by small trading volumes. In addition, when the breakout is true, the technical indices reach new maximum/minimum values towards the direction of the trend development. The false breakout is often characterized by the divergence between prices and indices.

    A certain price corridor is more inherent in the market than a trend. The majority of breakouts through the price corridor bounds are false. Such breakouts can involve into the game a gambler who follows the trend– earlier than the prices return to the standard. The false breakout is the amateur’s plague. At the same time, professionals adore such false breakouts.

    Neiman’s viewpoint is the following. In their majority, false signals can be checked (detected) with the help of the volume indices. In the first (primal) currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, the trading volumes are increasing. At the last stage in currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, such volumes are diminishing. That is, at the beginning of this reversal figure development, the volume is increasing due to the trend previous price movement. When the figure development is coming to the end, the volume is increasing due to the price movement in the direction, opposite to the previous trend. It is the sign that nobody is interested in prolonging the old trend. In a chart, it can be depicted as follows:

    Chart 2.4. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    L. Borcelino in his “Manual of de-trading” presents another characteristic of the double peak/minimum. The second peak/minimum is formed with a trading volume smaller than the first one. In fact, the second peak/minimum cannot be as high/deep as the first one. Nevertheless, it is the repeated attempt at moving towards the same direction. And what is more, such double peaks/minimums can develop their 3rd , 4th, etc. waves (versions). Such double/triple peaks/minimums can be formed within a short period - as well as during a much longer time interval – from several minutes and up to ten years.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by the trading day closing above the technical level breakout. This position must be hold up not less than during 2 days.

    J. Murphy in his “Technical analysis of future markets” also investigated the problem of criteria of the true breakout through the trend line. It is not a simple problem. In detecting such criteria, subjectivity of a kind is unavoidable. As a rule, the trend line breakout via the price of closing of bargain (deal) is more important than just a breakout within a day.

    * There are price filters. They condition (prescribe) that the trend line must be broken through by a certain v

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    f support/resistance, the trading volumes are increasing. At the last stage in currency movement towards the level of support/resistance, such volumes are diminishing. That is, at the beginning of this reversal figure development, the volume is increasing due to the trend previous price movement. When the figure development is coming to the end, the volume is increasing due to the price movement in the direction, opposite to the previous trend. It is the sign that nobody is interested in prolonging the old trend. In a chart, it can be depicted as follows:

    Chart 2.4. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    L. Borcelino in his “Manual of de-trading” presents another characteristic of the double peak/minimum. The second peak/minimum is formed with a trading volume smaller than the first one. In fact, the second peak/minimum cannot be as high/deep as the first one. Nevertheless, it is the repeated attempt at moving towards the same direction. And what is more, such double peaks/minimums can develop their 3rd , 4th, etc. waves (versions). Such double/triple peaks/minimums can be formed within a short period - as well as during a much longer time interval – from several minutes and up to ten years.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by the trading day closing above the technical level breakout. This position must be hold up not less than during 2 days.

    J. Murphy in his “Technical analysis of future markets” also investigated the problem of criteria of the true breakout through the trend line. It is not a simple problem. In detecting such criteria, subjectivity of a kind is unavoidable. As a rule, the trend line breakout via the price of closing of bargain (deal) is more important than just a breakout within a day.

    * There are price filters. They condition (prescribe) that the trend line must be broken through by a certain value. In addition, there exist time filters. Among them, the most commonly used is the so-called the rule of two days.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by the trading day closing behind (above) the technical level broken through. This position must be hold up not less than during 5 days.

    In his “Technical analysis. The full course”, D. Swagger studied the problem of signs of a true/false breakout. According to him, the following situation is rather common (ordinary). Prices just slightly deviate from the original trading range and only for several days. Later on they return back. One of the reasons of such pattern is the following. The market participants want to safeguard (insure) themselves against the heavy movement in prices after the trading range breakout. Therefore, they issue protective stop-orders in the vicinity to the trading range. The result can be the following. Sometimes even an inessential movement in prices towards the outwards of the trading range can stimulate (provoke) realization of a considerable number of the protective stop-orders. As soon as this primary flow of orders is saturated, the breakout comes to an end – if it is not strengthened by fundamental reasons and support purchases.

    Otherwise, the breakout can sustain if there are large deals on “sell” in the case of the breakout through the lowest bound (bottom). Such sells can fortify (strengthen) this tendency. One must take into account such specificities in the price behavior. As an indicator of the tendency beginning, the trading range breakout probability is much higher if the prices still remain beyond the range after several days - e.g., after 5 days.

    When waiting for the confirmation of the breakout, one can partially miss the profit per several days at the beginning of the tendency. All the same, this tactics helps eliminating many false signals.

    In contrast to the false breakout, the true one is characterized by overcoming of the 3%- movement behind (above) the technical level broken through.

    According to J. Murphy, sometimes even the breakout with the price of closing is not enough to be sure that the true breakout through the trend line has happened. To exclude false signals, the majority of analysts use various time- and price filters. The 3%-breakout makes an example of a price filter. Mainly this criterion is used for estimating a long-term trend line breakout. The price of closing must leave the trend line not less than by 3%. However, this rule is unacceptable to some financial futures – e.g., to deals with interest rates.

    D. Swagger mentions that other signs of the confirmation can be used – such as the minimum percentage change in the price.

    T. Chand has studied the channel breakout (see “On the other side of the technical analysis” - 1997). His rule of entering is the following. If the today’s closing is higher than the maximum price in the last 20 days, one must buy at the closing. In the case of the downward position, one must sell at the closing. Going out of a long deal must be realized at a new 5-days minimum or with the stop-loss. Going out of a short deal must be realized at a new 5-days maximum or with the stop-loss. The stop-loss makes $1500. This is a typical trend-following system.

    In “Encyclopedia of trading strategies”, D. Cats and D. McCormick examined breakouts on the basis of prices of closing.

    The test #1 is based on the channel breakout. In this system only the prices of closing are used. Here one does not take into account the entrance with the market price into the stock exchange tomorrow’s opening and the deal costs (the commission (brokerage) and slip). In this system, the rules are the following.

    If a current position is short or neutral and market price is higher than the price of closing in the last n days, one must buy at the tomorrow’s opening. On the contrary, if a current position is long or neutral and market price is lower than the minimum price of closing in the last n days, one must sell at the tomorrow’s opening (open a short position). The only parameter is inherent in this system. It is n (the number of days under analysis).

    Chart 2.5. The breakout of upper bounds of narrow trading ranges (GBP; September, 1990). (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    Under the condition of a heavy trend movement, a deal may be opened even after 5(?!) days. This case is hardly can be contested.

    However, what must be done in the other situation, examined by Swagger as an example of the analysis of another type.

    Chart 2.6. The breakout of the previous minimum as a signal of “sell”. Soybean oil. Continuous futures. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    Chart 2.7. Support at the level of the previous relative maximum and resistance at the level of the previous relative minimum (DM, continuous futures). (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    How to correlate such recommendations given by Swagger with the principle of work on the breakout of the resistance/support level only on the 6th (!) day?

    We now dwell on the difference between breakouts through the resistance/support levels under the conditions of

    · the strong signal (+++),

    · the signal of intermediate strength (++),

    · the weak signal (+).

    It is the classification according to E. Neiman in his “The trader’s small encyclopedia” I conventionally divide such signals into the three groups. It makes it easier to understand Neiman’s approach towards determining the signal strength – and, respectively, to find out the strong and weak points of this theory.

    A). Within the trend, the signal is strong (+++).

    B). In the period of a flat, the signal is moderate (++).

    C). In the direction opposite to that of the trend, the signal is weak (+).

    These types of the signal are depicted in Chart 2.8.

    Chart 2.8. The signal types. (For view the picture see notes in end of article)

    The recoil from the level occurs, and the false breakout does happen more often than the true one. It is the work with recoils from each of the technical levels.

    Again, let us return to “On the other side of the technical analysis” by T. Chand. He has examined the recoil (rolling-back system).

    According to the old rule, the deal must be made on “buy” when the recoil is directed towards the support. Many traders like such situations. Really, the risk is minimal, whereas the potential profit could be rather high. On the contrary, one can buy in case of a strong trend and sell when the trend is weak. The key point consists in distinguishing the recoil from support.

    The recoil is a slight correction of the trend. The recoil kinds can vary. For instance, one can determine the recoil as the currency movement in the last 3 days. Otherwise, it can be regarded as the approach to a moving average (MA). The latter can be considered as that of 20 or 50 days duration. It can be a simple or exponential one. All the same, the price can touch the average or cross it. The entrance into the 1%-band in the vicinity to this MA is also possible. After scrutinizing the conditions, one can decide where the “buy” could be profitable. For instance, it can be done at the tomorrow’s opening, at the yesterday’s maximum, or at the maximum chosen within 5 days. A lot of variations of this system can be developed in this way.

    First, we will regard the recoil as a new minimum within 5 days under the condition of the upward-directed trend and new maximum within 5 days under the condition of

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